Business Studies Class 12 Syllabus 2025
The syllabus consists of two parts: (A) Principles and Functions of Management (B) Business Finance and Marketing. In total, there are 12 units. Theory paper is of 80 marks and 3 hours duration.
Exam Structure
| Units | Marks | |
| Part A | Principles and Functions of Management | 50 |
| 1 | Nature and Significance of Management | 16 |
| 2 | Principles of Management | |
| 3 | Business Environment | |
| 4 | Planning | 14 |
| 5 | Organizing | |
| 6 | Staffing | 20 |
| 7 | Directing | |
| 8 | Controlling | |
| Part B | Business Finance and Marketing | 30 |
| 9 | Financial Management | 15 |
| 10 | Financial Markets | |
| 11 | Marketing Management | 15 |
| 12 | Consumer Protection | |
| Total | 80 |
Unit 1: Nature and Significance of Management
Management - concept, objectives and importance
Management as Science, Art and Profession
Levels of management
Management functions - planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling
Coordination - concept and importance
Unit 2: Principles of Management
Principles of Management - concept and significance
Fayol's principles of management
Taylor's Scientific Management - principles and techniques
Unit 3: Business Environment
Business Environment - concept and importance
Dimensions of Business Environment - Economic, Social, Technological, Political and Legal
Demonetization - concept and features
Unit 4: Planning
Concept, importance and limitations
Planning process
Single use and standing plans. Objectives, Strategy, Policy, Procedure, Method, Rule, Budget and Programme
Unit 5: Organising
Concept and importance
Organizing Process
Structure of organization - functional and divisional concept. Formal and informal organization - concept
Delegation: concept, elements and importance
Decentralization: concept and importance
Unit 6: Staffing
Concept and importance of staffing
Staffing as a part of Human Resource Management - concept
Staffing process
Recruitment process
Selection - process
Training and Development - Concept and importance. Methods of training- on the job and off the job - vestibule training, apprenticeship training and internship training.
Unit 7: Directing
Concept and importance
Elements of Directing
Motivation - Concept, Maslow's hierarchy of needs; Financial and non-financial incentives
Leadership - concept, styles - authoritative, democratic and laissez faire
Communication - concept, formal and informal communication; barriers to effective communication, how to overcome the barriers?
Unit 8: Controlling
Controlling - Concept and importance
Relationship between planning and controlling
Steps in process of control
Unit 9: Financial Management
Concept, role and objectives of Financial Management
Financial decisions: investment, financing and dividend - Meaning and factors affecting
Financial planning - concept and importance.
Capital Structure - concept and factors affecting capital structure
Fixed and Working Capital - concept and factors affecting their requirements
Unit 10: Financial Markets
Financial Markets: Concept
Money Market: Concept
Capital market and its types (primary and secondary)
Stock Exchange - Functions and trading procedure
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) - objectives and functions.
Unit 11: Marketing
Marketing - Concept, functions and philosophies
Marketing Mix - Concept and elements
Product - branding, labelling and packaging - Concept
Price - Concept, Factors determining price
Physical distribution - concept, components and channels of distribution
Promotion - Concept and elements; Advertising, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion and Public Relations
Unit 12: Consumer Protection
Concept and importance of consumer protection
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019: Meaning of consumer, Rights and responsibilities of consumers, Who can file a complaint?, Redressal machinery, Remedies available
Consumer awareness - Role of consumer organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)